active immunity
Học thuậtThân thiện
Definition
Noun: A form of acquired immunity in which the body's own immune system is stimulated to produce antibodies and memory cells against a specific disease-causing antigen, providing long-lasting protection.
Usage
This term is used in medical and biological contexts to describe the immunity that develops after exposure to a pathogen or through vaccination. It contrasts with passive immunity, which involves receiving antibodies from an external source.
Examples
- Vaccination induces active immunity against diseases like measles and polio.
- Recovering from an infection often results in active immunity to that particular pathogen.
- The goal of many vaccines is to stimulate active immunity without causing the actual disease.
Advanced Usage
- Naturally acquired active immunity: Immunity gained after recovering from an actual infection.
- Artificially acquired active immunity: Immunity induced by vaccines, which contain weakened or inactivated antigens.
Variants and Related Words
- Immunity (n): The general ability of an organism to resist a particular infection or toxin.
- Active Immunization (n): The process of inducing active immunity, typically through vaccination.
Synonyms
- Acquired immunity (specific to this form)
- Adaptive immunity (broader category encompassing active immunity)
Antonyms
- Passive immunity
- Innate immunity
Noun
- a form of acquired immunity in which the body produces its own antibodies against disease-causing antigens